Top Federal Agencies by Spending

111 federal agencies ranked by obligated amount. Combined: $7.23T. Figures come from USAspending.gov, with data from the U.S. Treasury and OMB covering federal spending across all 50 states; see our methodology.

The big picture

Department of Health and Human Services obligated $2.01T, 28% of the $7.23T tracked across 111 agencies. Obligated-vs-authorized ratios vary enormously by agency, from agencies that obligate nearly all of their budget authority in-year to ones with large unobligated balances; see each agency's own page for its actual utilization rate rather than a single fleet-wide average, which a few very large, atypical budget-authority agencies can skew. SBRC is the #111 bottom of this complete list at $0.

Top agency: HHS; $2.01T
Top agency share: 28%
Overall utilization: 47.3%; obligated vs. authorized
#111 bottom: SBRC; $0

Top 10 agencies by obligated spending

USASpending.gov FY2025 obligated amounts

1

HHS $2,013,052,754,843
2

TREAS $1,467,856,177,171
3

SSA $1,211,549,373,913
4

DOD $1,083,845,578,262
5

DHS $310,682,101,577
6

VA $298,511,114,680
7

USDA $168,255,288,182
8

OPM $146,611,861,083
9

DOT $85,201,065,480
10

HUD $69,673,883,491

Source USASpending.gov · FY2025

The bar to make this top-10 list

Every tracked federal agency, grouped by total FY2025 obligated spending

$69,673,883,491 10th of 111 higher than 101 of 111 agencies

the full population, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $0K-wide band; taller bars hold more agencies. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count and share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source USASpending.gov · FY2025

#	Agency	Obligated	Budget Authority	% of Total	Contract Awards	Grant Awards
1	Department of Health and Human ServicesHHS	$2.01T	$3.38T	27.9%	44,740	149,444
2	Department of the TreasuryTREAS	$1.47T	$4.71T	20.3%	12,562	2,202
3	Social Security AdministrationSSA	$1.21T	$1.27T	16.8%	4,158	240
4	Department of DefenseDOD	$1.08T	$2.10T	15.0%	4,124,997	15,614
5	Department of Homeland SecurityDHS	$310.7B	$575.9B	4.3%	41,194	6,467
6	Department of Veterans AffairsVA	$298.5B	$524.2B	4.1%	97,390	2,065
7	Department of AgricultureUSDA	$168.3B	$476.7B	2.3%	48,294	35,418
8	Office of Personnel ManagementOPM	$146.6B	$384.4B	2.0%	316	0
9	Department of TransportationDOT	$85.2B	$302.5B	1.2%	18,658	119,254
10	Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentHUD	$69.7B	$332.9B	1.0%	1,280	42,057
11	Department of EducationED	$61.4B	$154.1B	0.9%	1,285	19,635
12	Department of EnergyDOE	$53.5B	$138.0B	0.7%	6,692	10,491
13	Department of LaborDOL	$45.5B	$80.1B	0.6%	2,002	6,220
14	Department of JusticeDOJ	$37.8B	$87.7B	0.5%	59,156	10,467
15	Corps of Engineers - Civil WorksUSACE	$27.1B	$76.0B	0.4%	0	0
16	General Services AdministrationGSA	$26.9B	$52.4B	0.4%	1,296,315	0
17	Department of the InteriorDOI	$22.7B	$89.9B	0.3%	32,184	25,287
18	Department of StateDOS	$21.6B	$94.0B	0.3%	42,926	9,074
19	National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA	$15.3B	$43.5B	0.2%	10,649	8,581
20	Department of CommerceDOC	$11.1B	$51.0B	0.2%	11,531	4,900
21	Environmental Protection AgencyEPA	$9.4B	$55.9B	0.1%	7,035	7,386
22	Pension Benefit Guaranty CorporationPBGC	$8.5B	$91.1B	0.1%	322	0
23	Federal Communications CommissionFCC	$6.7B	$-9.1B	0.1%	0	0
24	Agency for International DevelopmentUSAID	$6.3B	$16.7B	0.1%	4,173	1,396
25	Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationFDIC	$4.0B	$142.7B	0.1%	0	0
26	National Science FoundationNSF	$2.1B	$10.1B	0.0%	625	22,278
27	Small Business AdministrationSBA	$1.3B	$20.3B	0.0%	737	722
28	Securities and Exchange CommissionSEC	$1.3B	$3.3B	0.0%	1,071	0
29	Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust FundPCORTF	$720.1M	$1.3B	0.0%	0	0
30	Corporation for National and Community ServiceCNCS	$692.4M	$2.7B	0.0%	0	0
31	Government Accountability OfficeGAO	$594.9M	$983.7M	0.0%	0	0
32	Nuclear Regulatory CommissionNRC	$581.9M	$1.3B	0.0%	0	0
33	Executive Office of the PresidentEOP	$467.6M	$1.5B	0.0%	0	0
34	National Archives and Records AdministrationNARA	$451.6M	$872.3M	0.0%	0	0
35	U.S. Agency for Global MediaUSAGM	$379.5M	$918.2M	0.0%	0	0
36	U.S. International Development Finance CorporationDFC	$335.2M	$9.1B	0.0%	390	8
37	Consumer Financial Protection BureauCFPB	$297.5M	$855.1M	0.0%	0	0
38	Peace CorpsPC	$295.6M	$488.6M	0.0%	0	0
39	Equal Employment Opportunity CommissionEEOC	$273.3M	$468.6M	0.0%	0	0
40	Federal Trade CommissionFTC	$254.6M	$456.2M	0.0%	0	0
41	Presidio TrustPRESIDIO	$253.8M	$548.3M	0.0%	0	0
42	District of Columbia CourtsDC COURTS	$231.8M	$412.4M	0.0%	0	0
43	Farm Credit System Insurance CorporationFCSIC	$229.7M	$9.0B	0.0%	0	0
44	Commodity Futures Trading CommissionCFTC	$202.2M	$1.5B	0.0%	0	0
45	Institute of Museum and Library ServicesIMLS	$189.7M	$306.5M	0.0%	0	0
46	National Labor Relations BoardNLRB	$174.0M	$305.0M	0.0%	0	0
47	Court Services and Offender Supervision AgencyCSOSA	$160.6M	$384.5M	0.0%	0	0
48	National Endowment for the HumanitiesNEH	$154.0M	$444.6M	0.0%	0	0
49	Millennium Challenge CorporationMCC	$153.2M	$2.9B	0.0%	405	30
50	American Battle Monuments CommissionABMC	$114.0M	$256.5M	0.0%	0	0
51	Consumer Product Safety CommissionCPSC	$87.8M	$168.5M	0.0%	0	0
52	Armed Forces Retirement HomeAFRH	$85.9M	$262.9M	0.0%	0	0
53	National Transportation Safety BoardNTSB	$84.8M	$170.0M	0.0%	0	0
54	Export-Import Bank of the United StatesEXIM	$82.6M	$392.4M	0.0%	0	0
55	National Endowment for the ArtsNEA	$82.5M	$284.5M	0.0%	0	0
56	International Trade CommissionUSITC	$79.5M	$126.4M	0.0%	0	0
57	Delta Regional AuthorityDRA	$70.6M	$101.9M	0.0%	0	0
58	Election Assistance CommissionEAC	$57.8M	$75.7M	0.0%	0	0
59	United States Trade and Development AgencyUSTDA	$47.4M	$227.4M	0.0%	0	0
60	Federal Election CommissionFEC	$46.4M	$87.6M	0.0%	0	0
61	Northern Border Regional CommissionNBRC	$43.0M	$222.9M	0.0%	0	0
62	Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration CouncilGCERC	$38.8M	$221.7M	0.0%	0	0
63	Merit Systems Protection BoardMSPB	$32.9M	$60.6M	0.0%	0	0
64	United States Court of Appeals for Veterans ClaimsCAVC	$32.5M	$133.2M	0.0%	0	0
65	Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety BoardDNFSB	$24.7M	$51.4M	0.0%	0	0
66	Federal Permitting Improvement Steering CouncilFPISC	$24.4M	$228.8M	0.0%	0	0
67	Surface Transportation BoardSTB	$23.7M	$48.3M	0.0%	0	0
68	Federal Maritime CommissionFMC	$21.2M	$46.5M	0.0%	0	0
69	Federal Mediation and Conciliation ServiceFMCS	$19.5M	$79.6M	0.0%	0	0
70	Office of Special CounselOSC	$19.3M	$32.5M	0.0%	0	0
71	Selective Service SystemSSS	$19.1M	$38.1M	0.0%	0	0
72	Federal Labor Relations AuthorityFLRA	$15.4M	$30.1M	0.0%	0	0
73	Office of Government EthicsOGE	$14.6M	$30.5M	0.0%	0	0
74	Denali CommissionDENALI	$11.9M	$216.4M	0.0%	0	0
75	Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight BoardPCLOB	$10.6M	$18.0M	0.0%	0	0
76	Federal Mine Safety and Health Review CommissionFMSHRC	$10.6M	$25.3M	0.0%	0	0
77	National Capital Planning CommissionNCPC	$10.0M	$14.4M	0.0%	0	0
78	Inter-American FoundationIAF	$9.9M	$56.9M	0.0%	0	0
79	Advisory Council on Historic PreservationACHP	$9.1M	$18.4M	0.0%	0	0
80	Commission on Civil RightsUSCCR	$8.6M	$17.0M	0.0%	0	0
81	National Mediation BoardNMB	$8.0M	$19.7M	0.0%	0	0
82	Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall FoundationUDALL	$8.0M	$29.1M	0.0%	0	0
83	Occupational Safety and Health Review CommissionOSHRC	$7.9M	$19.7M	0.0%	0	0
84	United States Chemical Safety BoardCSB	$7.5M	$19.8M	0.0%	0	0
85	Committee for Purchase from People Who Are Blind or Severely DisabledABILITYONE	$7.1M	$17.6M	0.0%	0	0
86	African Development FoundationUSADF	$5.9M	$34.3M	0.0%	0	0
87	Appalachian Regional CommissionARC	$5.8M	$14.2M	0.0%	0	0
88	Access BoardUSAB	$4.8M	$13.5M	0.0%	0	0
89	Harry S Truman Scholarship FoundationTRUMAN	$4.4M	$32.6M	0.0%	0	0
90	Nuclear Waste Technical Review BoardNWTRB	$2.7M	$5.7M	0.0%	0	0
91	Public Buildings Reform BoardPBRB	$2.7M	$13.0M	0.0%	0	0
92	Marine Mammal CommissionMMC	$2.2M	$5.9M	0.0%	0	0
93	Administrative Conference of the U.S.ACUS	$2.2M	$3.5M	0.0%	0	0
94	James Madison Memorial Fellowship FoundationMADISON	$1.7M	$37.1M	0.0%	0	0
95	Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence In Education FoundationGOLDWATER	$625.5K	$41.4M	0.0%	0	0
96	National Credit Union AdministrationNCUA	$45.0K	$20.4M	0.0%	0	0
97	John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing ArtsKENNEDY CENTER	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
98	Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian RelocationONHIR	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
99	U.S. Interagency Council on HomelessnessUSICH	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
100	Railroad Retirement BoardRRB	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
101	Overseas Private Investment CorporationOPIC	$0	$19.3M	0.0%	0	0
102	Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and EfficiencyCIGIE	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
103	Japan-United States Friendship CommissionJUSFC	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
104	Commission of Fine ArtsCFA	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
105	Federal Financial Institutions Examination CouncilFFIEC	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
106	National Council on DisabilityNCD	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
107	Vietnam Education FoundationVEF	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
108	Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage AbroadHERITAGEABROAD	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
109	400 Years of African-American History CommissionAAHC	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
110	Southeast Crescent Regional CommissionSCRC	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0
111	Southwest Border Regional CommissionSBRC	$0	$0	0.0%	0	0

Methodology

Agency rankings come from USASpending.gov (U.S. Treasury) obligated-amount data. Budget-authority figures are cross-checked against OMB Program and Financial Schedules. Fiscal year runs Oct 1 – Sep 30. Read the full methodology →

Compiled by PlainSpending

Every figure on PlainSpending is computed directly from USASpending.gov award-transaction data, no number is typed in by an editor. This ranking sorts federal agencies by total obligated spending, live from the dataset. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.